Global Aviation Biofuels Market Status (2019-2022) and Forecast (2024-2031) by Region, Product Type & End-Use

  • Report Code : 99S2151829
  • Published On: Nov, 2020
  • Category : Energy & Power
  • Pages : 107
  • The report forecast global Aviation Biofuels market to grow to reach xxx Million USD in 2019 with a CAGR of xx% during the period 2020-2025 due to coronavirus situation.

    The report offers detailed coverage of Aviation Biofuels industry and main market trends with impact of coronavirus. The market research includes historical and forecast market data, demand, application details, price trends, and company shares of the leading Aviation Biofuels by geography. The report splits the market size, by volume and value, on the basis of application type and geography.

    First, this report covers the present status and the future prospects of the global Aviation Biofuels market for 2015-2024.

    And in this report, we analyze global market from 5 geographies: Asia-Pacific[China, Southeast Asia, India, Japan, Korea, Western Asia], Europe[Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland], North America[United States, Canada, Mexico], Middle East & Africa[GCC, North Africa, South Africa], South America[Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Chile, Peru].

    At the same time, we classify Aviation Biofuels according to the type, application by geography. More importantly, the report includes major countries market based on the type and application.

    Finally, the report provides detailed profile and data information analysis of leading Aviation Biofuels company.

    Key Content of Chapters as follows (Including and can be customized) :

    Part 1:

    Market Overview, Development, and Segment by Type, Application & Region

    Part 2:

    Company information, Sales, Cost, Margin etc.

    Part 3:

    Global Market by company, Type, Application & Geography

    Part 4:

    Asia-Pacific Market by Type, Application & Geography

    Part 5:

    Europe Market by Type, Application & Geography

    Part 6:

    North America Market by Type, Application & Geography

    Part 7:

    South America Market by Type, Application & Geography

    Part 8:

    Middle East & Africa Market by Type, Application & Geography

    Part 9:

    Market Features

    Part 10:

    Investment Opportunity

    Part 11:

    Conclusion

    Market Segment as follows:

    By Region

    Asia-Pacific[China, Southeast Asia, India, Japan, Korea, Western Asia]

    Europe[Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland]

    North America[United States, Canada, Mexico]

    Middle East & Africa[GCC, North Africa, South Africa]

    South America[Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Chile, Peru]

    Key Companies

    Red Rock Biofuels

    Vega Biofuels

    GEVO

    PetroSun Inc.

    Archer Daniels Midland Company

    Honeywell International Inc.

    Targray Technology International Inc.

    Argent Energy

    KFS Biodiesel GmbH & Co. KG

    Shirke Energy

    Market by Type

    By Certified Production Technology

    Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil (HVO)

    Fischer-Tropsch (FT)

    By Feedstock Type

    Sugarcane

    Cassava

    Grasses

    Industrial and Municipal Waste

    Jatropha

    Algae

    Sweet Sorghum

    Market by Application

    Military Aviation

    Commercial Aviation

     

  • With tables and figures helping analyze worldwide Global Aviation Biofuels market, this research provides key statistics on the state of the industry and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.

    Part 1 Market Overview

    1.1 Market Definition

    1.2 Market Development

    1.2.1 Current Situation
    1.2.2 Aspects of COVID-19 Impact

    1.3 By Type

    Table Type of Aviation Biofuels
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019

    1.4 By Application

    Table Application of Aviation Biofuels
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019

    1.5 By Region

    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Region in 2019
    Figure Asia Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Region in 2019
    Part 2 Key Companies

    2.1 Red Rock Biofuels

    2.1.1 Company Profile
    Table Red Rock Biofuels Overview List
    2.1.2 Products & Services Overview
    2.1.3 Sales Data List
    Table Aviation Biofuels Business Operation of Red Rock Biofuels (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)

    2.2 Vega Biofuels

    2.3 GEVO

    2.4 PetroSun Inc.

    2.5 Archer Daniels Midland Company

    2.6 Honeywell International Inc.

    2.7 Targray Technology International Inc.
    2.8 Argent Energy
    2.9 KFS Biodiesel GmbH & Co. KG

    2.10 Shirke Energy

    Part 3 Global Market Status and Future Forecast

    3.1 Global Market by Region

    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Region in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Region in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Region, 2015-2019

    3.2 Global Market by Company

    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Company in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Company in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019

    3.3 Global Market by Type

    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019

    3.4 Global Market by Application

    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Global Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019

    3.5 Global Market by Forecast

    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Global Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    Part 4 Asia-Pacific Market Status and Future Forecast

    4.1 Asia-Pacific Market by Type

    Table Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019

    4.2 Asia-Pacific Market by Application

    Table Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019

    4.3 Asia-Pacific Market by Geography

    4.3.1 China Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure China Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure China Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure China Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure China Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    4.3.2 Southeast Asia Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Southeast Asia Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Southeast Asia Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Southeast Asia Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Southeast Asia Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    4.3.3 India Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure India Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure India Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure India Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure India Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    4.3.4 Japan Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Japan Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Japan Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Japan Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Japan Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    4.3.5 Korea Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Korea Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Korea Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Korea Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Korea Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    4.3.6 Oceania Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Oceania Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Oceania Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Oceania Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Oceania Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)

    4.4 Asia-Pacific Market by Forecast

    Figure Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Asia-Pacific Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    Part 5 Europe Market Status and Future Forecast

    5.1 Europe Market by Type

    Table Europe Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Europe Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Europe Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Europe Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019

    5.2 Europe Market by Application

    Table Europe Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Europe Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Europe Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Europe Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019

    5.3 Europe Market by Geography

    5.3.1 Germany Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Germany Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Germany Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Germany Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Germany Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.2 UK Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure UK Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure UK Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure UK Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure UK Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.3 France Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure France Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure France Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure France Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure France Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.4 Italy Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Italy Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Italy Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Italy Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Italy Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.5 Russia Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Russia Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Russia Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Russia Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Russia Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.6 Spain Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Spain Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Spain Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Spain Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Spain Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.6 Netherlands Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Netherlands Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Netherlands Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Netherlands Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Netherlands Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.7 Turkey Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Turkey Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Turkey Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Turkey Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Turkey Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    5.3.6 Switzerland Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Switzerland Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Switzerland Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Switzerland Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Switzerland Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)

    5.4 Europe Market by Forecast

    Figure Europe Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Europe Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    Part 6 North America Market Status and Future Forecast

    6.1 North America Market by Type

    Table North America Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure North America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table North America Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure North America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019

    6.2 North America Market by Application

    Table North America Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure North America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table North America Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure North America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019

    6.3 North America Market by Geography

    6.3.1 United States Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure United States Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure United States Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure United States Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure United States Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    6.3.2 Canada Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Canada Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Canada Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Canada Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Canada Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    6.3.3 Mexico Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Mexico Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Mexico Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Mexico Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Mexico Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)

    6.4 North America Market by Forecast

    Figure North America Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure North America Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    Part 7 South America Market Status and Future Forecast

    7.1 South America Market by Type

    Table South America Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure South America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table South America Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure South America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019

    7.2 South America Market by Application

    Table South America Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure South America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table South America Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure South America Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019

    7.3 South America Market by Geography

    7.3.1 Brazil Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Brazil Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Brazil Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Brazil Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Brazil Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    7.3.2 Argentina Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Argentina Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Argentina Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Argentina Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Argentina Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    7.3.3 Columbia Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Columbia Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Columbia Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Columbia Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Columbia Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    7.3.4 Chile Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Chile Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Chile Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Chile Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Chile Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    7.3.5 Peru Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure Peru Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Peru Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Peru Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Peru Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)

    7.4 South America Market by Forecast

    Figure South America Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure South America Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    Part 8 Middle East & Africa Market Status and Future Forecast

    8.1 Middle East & Africa Market by Type

    Table Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019

    8.2 Middle East & Africa Market by Application

    Table Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
    Table Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
    Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019

    8.3 Middle East & Africa Market by Geography

    8.3.1 GCC Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure GCC Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure GCC Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure GCC Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure GCC Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    8.3.2 North Africa Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure North Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure North Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure North Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure North Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    8.3.3 South Africa Market Status and Future Forecast
    Figure South Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
    Figure South Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
    Figure South Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure South Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)

    8.4 Middle East & Africa Market by Forecast

    Figure Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
    Figure Middle East & Africa Aviation Biofuels Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Volume)
    Part 9 Market Features

    9.1 Product Features

    9.2 Price Features

    9.3 Channel Features

    9.4 Purchasing Features

    Part 10 Investment Opportunity

    10.1 Regional Investment Opportunity

    10.2 Industry Investment Opportunity

    PART 11 Coronavirus Impact

    11.1 Impact on Industry Upstream

    11.2 Impact on Industry Downstream

    11.3 Impact on Industry Channels

    11.4 Impact on Industry Competition

    11.5 Impact on Industry Obtain Employment

    Part 12 Conclusion

     

  • The Global Aviation Biofuels Market has been segregated into various crucial divisions including applications, types, and regions. Each market segment is intensively studied in the report contemplating its market acceptance, worthiness, demand, and growth prospects. The segmentation analysis will help the client to customize their marketing approach to have a better command of each segment and to identify the most prospective customer base.

    Report Objectives / Segmentation Covered :
    By Companies / players:
      By Regions:
        By Type:
          By Application:
          Frequently asked questions(FAQ's):
          Is the Global Aviation Biofuels Market shifting its focus from growth to value?

          Recognize the areas along the Global Aviation Biofuels Market's value chain where players are generating value. To get a complete picture, kindly read the entire report.

          What is the market value of the Global Aviation Biofuels Industry?

          In 2023, the Global Aviation Biofuels Market share exceeded USD xx million. Between 2024 and 2029, it will grow at a CAGR of yy%.

          What challenges does the Global Aviation Biofuels Market face in the future?

          The convergence of various vital triggers, including a major slowdown in Western economies, and some critical points in globalization, leads to the transformation of business in the Global Aviation Biofuels Market across the extensive corporate landscape.

          What are the top priorities for the growth of the Global Aviation Biofuels Market?

          In this highly competitive and rapidly evolving Global Aviation Biofuels Industry, top strategic priorities such as innovation, diversification, and M&A would remain consistent.

          Our Clients